Chicago's South Side in black & white May 12, 2016 SJNN By Alden Loury Looking West down 79th Street at Western Ave, Chicago, IL. During street car years, the Illinois Central RR owned the entire embankment. A 2017 fair housing study looked into six community areas that had the most reported complaints of racial and income discrimination against renters: Jefferson Park, the Near North Side, Bridgeport, Hyde Park, Clearing, and Mount Greenwood. CHICAGO Perched along a quiet, tree-lined street on this city's South Side, the worn brick and concrete building on South Champlain Avenue is hard to miss.The tall structure stands out among . From the 1920s through the 1950s, Chicago's South Side was the center for African-American culture and business. The first waves of Black migrants fleeing the Jim Crow South were relegated to a vertical strip of land near Lake Michigan. The bulk of the items are from the 1920s-1950s. What was South Side Chicago like in the 1950s? The city, which had been 85.9 percent white in 1950 and 76.4 percent in 1960, saw that proportion fall to 65.6 percent in 1970 and 49.6 percent in 1980. Railroad Record Club Traction Rarities 1951-58 Photos depict intersections, streets, bridges, snow removal and other traffic features in the city, mainly along major streets. (Wien-Criss Archive), An unidentified CTA red car is on Halsted at 63rd Street on September 16, 1953. A few include: the first Black President, Barack Obama and former first lady Michelle Obama, the first Black female Senator, Carol Moseley Braun, and the first Black presidential candidate to win a primary, Jesse Jackson. Not quite CSL sold it in 1920s, but amazingly close! Rockwell is 2600 West. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 7057, a product of the St. Louis Car Company, is at Waveland and Halsted, the north end of Route 8. Skilled workers and factory workers lost their jobs during the crisis. Chicagos suburbs, Indiana, and other Midwestern states are popular destinations for Black residents. This picture was taken from the eastbound platform of the Englewood L station spanning Halsted St. At that time, Halsted was still a very busy business district; in fact, I read somewhere that Englewood was the busiest business district outside the Loop. After that, the streetcars had to use the 77th and Vincennes barn. The date is June 16, 1954. Third Avenue El (New York City): At the turn of the twenty-first century, as the City realized the projects sat on prime real estate, then-Mayor Richard M. Daley introduced a plan to transform public housing in 1999. Two things in this picture: 4:56 Car 5706, January 16, 1954 . We thank him for his generosity. 143 followers . The rest of Madison was bussed. 09. 1960. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7123 on Western at 66th on July 9, 1950. Copyright 2009-2018, New York Public Radio. This was later the end of the line for the Wentworth half of the line, between 1957 and 1958, when buses replaced streetcars north of here. An Irish mainstay, Kelly's is one of the oldest family-owned pubs in Chicago, opening just after Prohibition was repealed and the alcohol flowed freely again. At the end of Shameless, Lip has decided to sell the Gallagher house for a mere $75,000 a far cry from the $250,000 he was offered by a developer before he pushed too hard and lost that deal. A bit of detail on photos (pic571.jpg & pic572.jpg) at 71st & Western, the temporary facing crossover was installed without a corresponding crossover overhead wire. Chicago, though arguably racially diverse overall, is considered by researchers to be the nation's most racially segregated city. Tom. The YMCA Hotel was on the west side of the street; the car is northbound, as evidenced by the Downtown head sign. ISBN 1467129380, 9781467129381 06. It is such a same they did not have the foresight to keep these lines going. (David Sadowski Photo). There are different types of segregation beyond the Black-white binary that normally, and rightfully, comes to mind. (The Census Bureau didn't begin to identify "non-Hispanic whites" as a separate category until 1980, when that group accounted for . Andre Kristopans says it is Crossing under CNW and PRR at Rockwell. We mapped out hundreds of the photos and compared them with Google Street Viewto show just how much Chicago has changed. Despite the high-stakes campaign led by the Young Lords and the Rainbow Coalition against the Citys urban renewal plan, they were priced out and pushed to Humboldt Park and Hermosa, and in recent years they have been partially displaced again by new development. Tens of thousands of Black residents are also leaving their traditional South and West side neighborhoods in recent years, as has been extensively reported, in what some are calling an outmigration or a reverse migration. The citys Black population peaked in the mid-twentieth century and is now at its lowest level since then, with 787,551 Black residents as of 2020. By 1964 most of the large packers had disappeared. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 601 at Halsted, Grand, and Milwaukee on May 17, 1954. Photo 530 is at the south end of the Vincennes Ave. private right-of-way segment at the 10800 block of Vincennes (108th St. did not go through to Vincennes, there were no intersections along Vincennes between 107th St. and 109th St.). This meant that what was once the Black Belt saw many of their upwardly mobile residents leave public housing and the immediate area. CHA high-rises were stigmatized by the city and the media, which portrayed them as vertical drug-ridden ganglands. Press ESC to cancel. You can see the shadow of the now-gone Ogden Avenue viaduct at the bottom of the photo. 4. But the most creative period for the city was the 1950s, when rivals Chess and Vee Jay battled for supremacy in the rhythm-and-blues market. Pullman post-war PCCs did not disappear in one fell swoop. The original objective was to treat basic illness and to train nurses and interns. In the twenty years from 1890 to 1910, Chicago's African-American population increased . 5:20 #80, October 1954 As always, if you have any information to share about these pictures, or simply have a question or comment, do not hesitate to let us know. Baltimore Transit: Your caption says this streetcar is on 77th St. No, it is on Vincennes Ave., in front of the 77th St. barn, heading north. Railroad Record Club North Shore Line Rarities 1955-1963 By the 1960s, Black residents had moved into grade B (blue) communities in the South Side, such as Roseland and Beverly. 1957: Civil Rights Act of 1957 is responsible for enforcing the civil rights laws passed. As he led a march through Marquette Park on the Southwest Side, he was attacked with bricks by a racist white mob. So we're diving into that jet-setting, Mad Men time when Michigan Avenue became the "Mag Mile.". Total time 73:14 Stunning Vintage Historical Photos Show What Chicago Looked Like In The 1960s. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7189 is passing through an area where tracks are being worked on at Western and Cermak on October 15, 1954. Amazing! By 1928, there were at least six Mexican settlements parallel to Lake Michigan that were referred to as colonias. In addition, the greater Chicagoland areawhich encompasses northeastern Illinois and extends into southeastern Wisconsin and northwestern Indianais the country's third largest metropolitan area and . In Chicago, most of the South and West sides have 40 to 60 percent of residents living below the poverty level. To replace workers at local factories, business brought in w. [Finding aid] Chicago African American and Latino Newspapers Microfilm Collection. Re: pic508, car 4008 on Wabash Avenue. From the beginning, Chicagos demographic makeup was segregated by race and ethnicity along neighborhood boundaries and the physical features of the built and natural environment. The African-American population in Chicago now makes up 25 percent of the city, but racial segregation is high, and much of the South and West sides have become densely populated, marginalized, low-income areas. Technology advances enter the classroom and Chicago schools now have projectors, microscopes and early computer kits. 09. The Last Street Railway Visit the website (wttw.com/firsthand) to explore all of the elements of the project. 4:35 August 27, 1954 While the Census doesnt follow traditional Chicago neighborhood boundaries, areas of Englewood, Park Manor and Woodlawn have poverty rates above 60 percent. Capital Transit: (Wien-Criss Archive), The conductor of CTA 7156 is throwing a track switch at Western and Archer on November 17, 1954. There are pictures on my blog, and also in my book Chicagos Lost Ls. The Robert Taylor Homes, located between 39th and 54th streets, had more than half of those apartments. The introduction to Polk's Chicago Directory 1923 provides a brief history of Chicago directories and a list of published volumes. IIRC, Jalens Snack Shop, the new occupant, was up and running by the Summer of 54 and for many years after that. The purpose was to find residents that were given Section 8 vouchers vs those who did not receive them. Here are some shots around Illinois during the 1950s. White Flight, which I titled "Midnight Flight: One family's experience of White Flight and the racial transformation of Chicago's South Side (an online novel)" which you can read here for free . They were concentrated in the Lincoln Park neighborhood on the North Side and are credited for pioneering the fight against displacement due to gentrification spurred by the expanding DePaul University campusa fight they lost. I would always give my out of town Chicago racist tour: Take kedzie ave towards Humboldt Park -puertoricans, keep going south African Americans than come Mexicans,turn by Taylor you got Italians,get on Devon ave to see Indian community, Lincoln -Mckormick Jewish. The deadliest tornado hit on April 21, 1967, traveling through Oak Lawn and the South Side of Chicago, killing 33 and injuring 500. . Why does every recent description and photo caption of the segment of the Cottage Grove line south of 95th St. talk about it paralleling the Metra Electric? The Second Ghetto Unfortunately, public housing did not solve Chicago's housing problems. The lack of such a track indicates that any Western car ending its run and heading to the 77th and Vincennes barn had to start at the 79th and Western terminal, go north on Western, then turn east on 69th. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4050 is southbound on Western at the Douglas Park L on November 11, 1955. Halsted cars ended their runs at 63rd. 4:51 Shameless fans, you are welcome to come inside the gate and take pictures on the porch, a sign in front of the house reads. You can compare the different CTA paint schemes on the first two cars. Rear View of Apartment House with Wood Staircase, South Side, Chicago, Illinois, USA, Russell Lee, Farm Security Administration, April 1941. If youre ever in the neighborhood, the TV house is located at 2119 South Homan Ave, Chicago, IL, 60623. South Side Chicago. Cincinnati Street Railway: Mexicans and Mexican Americans account for the vast majority of the 819,518 Latinx residents currently living in Chicago and continue to live in or right next to polluted industrial corridors on the Southeast, Southwest, and Northwest sides. Chicagos first rapid transit subway opened in 1943 after decades of wrangling over routes, financing, and logistics. 10. More than 1,000. One of my enduring childhood memories, growing up in the 1970s and 1980s on Chicago's South Side, was something I called the "boundary." Total time (3 discs) 215:03. PCC 7113 would be powered into the crossover while the conductor pulls the pole from the rear window, as the car then coasts onto the parallel track. Required fields are marked *. Google view shows the approximate location from which #536 was taken. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4008 is on Western at 65th on October 2, 1955. South Side Chicago - (grist.org) In 1980, the community suffered as South Works, a company in the area, laid off employees and closed more of its facilities in the neighborhood. The postwar relocation of urban whites, known as white flight, was facilitated by the new expressways that connected them to the developing suburbs west of the city limits, where Black, Latinx, and the growing Asian population were kept out. Late 1950s. There were 300 Pullmans in all. Most resided in Humboldt Park with Division Street being the heart of the neighborhood. Chicago nightlife history is full of fun and fascinating stories. https://chicagology.com/wp-content/themes/revolution-20/century/194063rdhalsted.jpg. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7118 is southbound on Western at Van Buren on November 3, 1954, with a train of wooden L cars about to cross Western on the temporary right of way for the Garfield Park L during expressway construction. Images of America (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7236 is at Archer and Western on November 17, 1954. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7123 at Western and 69th on January 28, 1954. Appearing to rise above the L platform is the corner tower of the Sears Building, looking carefully on the enlarged view, the SEARS name can be seen. For Shipping to US Addresses: 04. Back then, you could live that close to the steel mills. All copies purchased through The Trolley Dodger will be signed by the author. CHICAGO If you think your neighborhood has changed since you first moved in, you should see what it looked like 60 years ago. By 1960 there were 32,371 Puerto Rican residents in Chicago, a number that more than doubled within a decade. The 1919 Race Riots, which were part of the racial violence seen across the country during a period known as the Red Summer, were provoked by an attempt to enforce segregation in the waters of Lake Michigan. 12. 06. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA prewar PCC 4027 (at left) passes a postwar car on Western at 24th on June 7, 1956. The interactive map shows that by the 1950s, Black residents had started to trickle into "grade C" or "yellow-lined" European immigrant neighborhoods on the West and Southeast sides. Order Our New Book Building Chicagos Subways But folks are also going back to the South, citing a lack of well-paying jobs and resources, as well as steady gun violence and a rising cost of living, as their main reasons for leaving the city. Is BCD Travel a good company to work for. First, they were all taken in Chicago during the 1950s. There are miscellanous directories available for later yearsbusiness directories and . Take a trip underground and see how Chicagos I Will spirit overcame challenges and persevered to help with the successful building of the subways that move millions. A man walks down Clark Street in Chicago in 1940. Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. The expressway was originally designed to run through Bridgeport, then Mayor Daleys neighborhood, but the development was moved eight blocks to the east, installing a multi-lane barrier between Bridgeport and the Black Belt, literally cementing the segregation of Black and white communities. Although the show is set in Chicagos Back of the Yards neighborhood, the house used for filming is actually located in the citys North Lawndale neighborhood. The discriminatory practice known as redlining was a color-coded classification system implemented by the Federal Housing Administration that determined the value of housing based on the racial demographics of a neighborhood. Chris Goes of Goes Lithography Co. had a plant at 61st Street beside the Dan Ryan. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4060 is on Western at the Logan Square L on June 8, 1956. Copyright 2009-2018, DNAinfo. The car at right has a 1953 Illinois license plate, but when this picture was taken, Dearborn was still a two-way street, meaning it is prior to November 16. Recorded between 1955 and 1963 on the Skokie Valley Route and Mundelein branch. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic535.jpg With a location just south of the ever-expanding University of Chicago in Hyde Park, however . The streetcar in the photo is headed northbound, with the Rock Island Main Line to its right and Vincennes Ave to its left. Thank you. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4053 on Western and 66th on July 31, 1955. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4059 on Western at 28th on November 20, 1955. Why not mention that the Panama Ltd and the City of Miami operated there on the tracks nearest to Cottage Grove; not to mention IC freight activity and such trackage rights New York Central trains as the James Whitcomb Riley and the Twilight Ltd? (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 453 and 190 are on Halsted at 63rd Place on May 21, 1954. (Wien-Criss Archive), The Streetcar Waiting Room at Archer and Western on November 15, 1954. The date is June 16, 1954. Up until the 1940s, Black residents were confined to this corridor, better known as the Black Belt, which ran along State Street roughly between Roosevelt Road (12th Street) and 79th Street. Will Guy Fieri Cook The Bean Before It's Windexed? In the Windy City, jazz started out in small local clubs on the South Side. PCCs were taken off Madison on December 13, 1953. March 20, 2019. The southeast corner building was nondescript, although at one point it was a Stineway drug store. First time I came across it and Im barely 23! (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 248 is at Crosby and Larrabee on May 17, 1954. Children listen attentively at Hollstein School in 1952. Southside of Chicago Capital of Black America By Carla Punla Suffered its first postindustrial crisis as the meatpacking industries began to close Robert Taylor Homes was known to be the largest housing project. The Union Stock Yard finally closed its doors on August 1, 1971, after nearly 106 years of operation. Your email address will not be published. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic568.jpg John White/U.S. 80 years since subway construction started (December 17, 1938) From north to south, they were Hull House, the Stockyards, Blue Island, South Chicago, East Chicago, and as far as Gary, Indiana. Chicago Hoods: West Side. Two laws in 1947, the Blighted Areas Redevelopment Act and the Relocation Act, helped create the Chicago Land Clearance Commission, enabling the City to raze areas that it deemed blighted without regard for who it would displace. Yusay beer stands out on a lot of the photos. 1454 S Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60605. While the Gallaghers are said to live on Wallace Street, the house is actually located on Homan Avenue. Black families in Chicago lost between $3 billion and $4 billion in wealth because of predatory housing contracts during the 1950s and 1960s, according to a new report released Thursday. You can also see trolley bus wires, used on North Avenue. These housing projects, as they became known, are represented by orange dots on the interactive map. Open in Google Maps Foursquare 1312 W 111th St, Chicago, IL 60643 (773) 238-7171 homeofthehoagy 1,461. Perhaps there was a parade on State Street that day (between 1939 and 1949 there was no State Street bridge, and this would have been the regular route for 36 then). In any case, thanks again for all you offer on this website. The highest ratio of discriminatory acts to race-related tests occurred in the Near North Side neighborhood, where over half of the tests involved race discrimination, the Chicago Commission on Human Relations and the Chicago Lawyers Committee found. Between 1950 and 1960 Chicago's population shrank for the first time in its history, as factory jobs leveled off and people moved to the suburbs. The other bus company running from the south suburbs into Englewood was the Suburban Transit System, which ran primarily east and west along 95th St. out to Oak Lawn and beyond.

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