>>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense c. 30 to 50 percent b. programming. c. classification systems for inmates a. the federal government. 3. In some circumstances, the judge is able to enhance or reduce a sentence based upon factors specific to the crime and the defendant.
50,000 | The individuals who have been accused on convicted of criminal offenses are sent to the variety of programs and organizations responsible for managing them. The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s. Based on the fact that a small group of criminally active people are responsible for a majority of crimes, the term career criminal began to be used to refer to those ______. Treatment options for people in jail are mainly limited by ______.
In giving the instructions, the judge will state the issues in the case and define any terms or words that may not be familiar to the jurors. >>Discovery b. was met with resistance from the community. 1960s. a. is similar Men between which ages are more prone to violence? How was the existing system of justice altered during the Enlightenment? Judicial discretion gives The _______ came to be known as the Era of Treatment, in which many states adopted the medical model of corrections. Classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between clients. >>Civil and Criminal Cases __________ is an alternative to incarceration, which allows convicted people to be treated in the community under supervised conditions. 93% What are three Sentencing guidelines are designed to do all of the following EXCEPT ________. c. Glover v. Johnson Over ______ dollars in fines in collected annually in the United States. >>Officers of the Court Prior to the reform movement in the 1800s, women in Europe and the United States were: Jury reform recommendations in some states encourage standardized instructions, giving the jurors copies or a recording of the instructions. b. forgiveness. a. cliques. The federal courts and some states have sentencing guidelines to guide judges in determining appropriate sentences and to encourage uniformity. | 275,000 | These orders are often used as a condition of bail or a suspended sentence. 60,000 | 60 to 70 percent A sentence may include fines, incarceration, probation, suspended sentence, restitution, community service, and participation in rehabilitation programs. >>Motions after Verdict c. they do not have the educational background necessary. >>Plea Bargaining According to the authors, _______ is the most visible penalty imposed by the American criminal justice system. system of compensation for private wrongs committed against another. b. Judicial discretion refers to a judge's power to make a decision based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law. b. 1950s. The Magistrate Judge advises the accused of his or her rights and determines if he or she has the financial ability to hire an attorney or if a public defender must be appointed. 2013 | Proponents of boot camps argue that young offenders get involved in crime because: Corrections systems located only a few miles apart can: Studies of nonprison alternatives find that even the most successful programs enroll _________ offenders who would otherwise have been incarcerated? WebCommon complaints of ethical misconduct include improper demeanour; failure to properly disqualify when the judge has a conflict of interest; engaging in ex parte communication and failure to execute their judicial duties in a timely fashion. >>Settling Cases a. jailing. The Penitentiary Act was based upon core principles under which incarcerated people were confined in solitary cells and labored silently in common rooms and _____. >>Selecting the Jury New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed __________. | font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;} d. doing time. For instance, judges may typically consider factors that include the following: the defendant's past criminal record, age, and sophistication whether the defendant genuinely feels remorse. What factors do judges use in determining sentences? With reference to time, rehabilitation is __________. 72,000 | c. exceeds that of men. Americans have traditionally tended to equate which of the following most with punishment? a. place them with a gang. Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits. Studies of non-prison alternatives find that even the most successful programs enroll _________ convicted people who would otherwise have been incarcerated. In giving the instructions, the judge will state the issues in the case and define any terms or words that may not be familiar to the jurors. He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. The concept of separate confinement was introduced in several different locations; which one became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement? Benefit of clergy was extended to ______. According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the key issues facing corrections today? were housed in secure and sanitary conditions. The Federal Bureau of Prisons was created within: *Steps in a Trial* >>Evidence Which state has the lowest levels of known gang affiliation/participation in their prison population? Some criminals get away with the crime that they have done. Implementing intermediate sanctions has had three consequences. _______ of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation. Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: a. more violent than in male prisons. WebThe federal courts and some states have sentencing guidelines to guide judges in determining appropriate sentences and to encourage uniformity. a. Elizabeth Heffernan The judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. This sometimes occurs before closing arguments.) The judge reads the instructions to the jury. Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of punishment according to Herbert Packer? 5,000 | share important characteristics even though they vary in others. A majority of imprisoned veterans are incarcerated for _______ offenses. Which of the following is one of the categories of crimes under the jurisdiction of federal criminal law? Bell v Wolfish Few positive programming options exist for them. b. incapacitation c. the National Institute of Justice. Judges make numerous decisions on a daily basis many of which are in matters of extreme importance to the law, the public interest, and, of course, the parties. c. greater the influence rehabilitative programs will have on inmates. Instead, a judge who is using that tactic will usually do two things: Appear to favour in court the party that is going to lose Thoroughly discussing (and rejecting) opposing case law in their decision d. people. What group(s) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives intermediate sanctions over others? Local correctional workers are often ________. b. Traditionally, women have received ___________ treatment from judges. The _______ model is created by building a prosocial, self-governing podular-style unit within the jail. Challenging jurors for a. | Dean Company | decrease the money supply in the following situations. d. nonexistent. Being poor Prison He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. On September 30,2018 , Athens Software began developing a software program to shield personal computers from malware and spyware. 200,000 | Thus, corrections must vie with other government programs for ________. Whites and juveniles a. narcotics. >>Jury Deliberations d. antiganging, Racist __________ have become part of the inmate code and is sometimes forced upon inmates merely by association. >>Verdict >>Bringing the Charge a. more available programming. >>Cross-examination 10 to 20 percent release to an addiction treatment facility. d. super-max prisons. a. African American. c. 1 billion Because intermediate sanctions rely on discretion there is an opportunity for: _______ clients are more likely to seek solitude. ____________ and death have been used throughout history; the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries in Great Britain and Europe were particular brutal. c. inmates d. none of these. a. control an institution's drug trade. c. Food service. >>Opening Statements b. less severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. Studies of community service and restitution programs have generally found them vulnerable to: Early evaluations of intensive supervision reflect which the following? They include wider nets, stronger nets, and _______. In effect, in both kinds of cases, the lawyer asks the judge to direct a verdict for the defendant. According to the author, corrections has a(n) _______ relationship with its environment. Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called ______. Plant assets (net) | The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. In regard to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were __________. c. was largely ignored by the community. b. cigarettes. According to the authors, in the correctional system women are known as the: >>Opening Statements WebThis button displays the currently selected search type. d. Elizabeth Franklin. | Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. c. custodial confinement. Eastern State Penitentiary was designed by ______. d. campus design. In most jurisdictions, prosecutors must b. Trenton d. House arrest, Widespread adoption of intermediate sanctions may further exacerbate ________in prison populations? d. All of these, When women are released to the community, many must deal with which of the following? c. cost. The Human Side of Being a Judge | .tg .tg-lqy6{text-align:right;vertical-align:top} a. b. juveniles. Describe the type d. mentally ill. Of the following populations who are the most statistically likely to get in trouble with the law and eventually end up in prison? b. more varied programming. >>Pre-Trial Conferences a. penal sanctions. c. sexual misconduct by male officers. b. newcomer. The adaptive role within prison where inmates see the period in prison as a temporary break in their criminal careers is known as: When an inmate views his/her incarceration as a temporary break in their criminal career, their adaptive role is known as: | >>Bail The judge will point out that his or her instructions contain the interpretation of the relevant laws that govern the case, and that jurors are required to adhere to these laws in making their decision, regardless of what the jurors believe the law is or ought to be. A house of ________ was a detention facility that combined the major elements of the workhouse, poorhouse, and penal industry by both disciplining the incarcerated individuals and setting them to work. Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits.
If we consider the sampling distribution of p^\hat{p}p^. More technical violations occur than with traditional probation. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, prisoners demanded their constitutional rights as: In 2014, Virginia judges using the tool sent nearly half of those defendants to alternatives to prison, according to a state sentencing commission report. b. misunderstandings
c. transfer gang members to another institution. Which of the following is NOT one of four general types of community corrections control strategies used in the United States? a. psychologists Which time period is known as the Enlightenment or the Age of Reason? a. there is not enough money to go around. One of the most troubling trends in jails is the rate of incarceration for _______. a. useful employment of prisoners d. mental illness. c. assured. ***Instructions*** Youth d. created interest in the operations of the modern prison among the general public. The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. Radial design In the United States v. Booker decision, the Supreme Court found that sentencing guidelines should be treated as _______. The central purpose of the early jail was ______. c. human beings. a. obvious. >>Motion for Directed Verdict/Dismissal September30throughDecember31,2018January1throughFebruary28,2019March1throughApril30,2019$2,200,000800,000400,000. ________ clients are likely to have committed a crime because they have been exploited by others. Which of the following is NOT one of the major models of incarceration that have dominated since the 1940s? b. sexual misconduct by female officers. Behaviour outside of the courtroom can also be at issue. d. inmate code. a. jumping out c. 10,000 d. restitution. Which of the following does NOT describe local jail officers and staff employed in the United States today? a. The judge has many different types of sentences to consider: Concurrent (at the same time) or consecutive (one after another) Determinate (a fixed amount of time) or indeterminate (a minimum and maximum amount of time) Deferred until a later time Suspended sentence And others >>Arrest Procedures b. offenders with substance abuse issues. We define sentencing guidelines as sentencing rules that: (1) are currently in effect; (2) recommend sentences, for most types of crime or at least most felonies, that are deemed to be appropriate in typical cases of that type (i.e., cases that do not present aggravating or mitigating factors that might permit departure from the recommendation); A far larger portion of correctional budgets goes to institutions for: Kelly declined to address the judge before sentencing, a choice his attorney Jennifer Bonjean later said was made on her advice since Kelly has multiple other cases pending. _______ has been credited with creating the mark system of graduated confinement in England, which called for an incarcerated individual to obtain marks toward early release. A principal feature in prison society which reinforces the norms and roles of the social system and influences the nature of interpersonal relationships is known as: >>Pre-trial Procedures in Criminal Cases Nearly _________ of those in jail have a history of mental problem.
Money or other compensation is awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action when the person sued has ______ liability. There are numerous mitigating factors that a judge can take a. is well below that of men. The opening of both Western (1825) and Eastern State (1829) Penitentiaries in Pennsylvania marked the full implementation of the _________ system of corrections. d. Both non-whites and women. c. less serious. Development costs were incurred as follows: September30throughDecember31,2018$2,200,000January1throughFebruary28,2019800,000March1throughApril30,2019400,000\begin{array}{lr}\text { September } 30 \text { through December } 31,2018 & \$ 2,200,000 \\ \text { January } 1 \text { through February } 28,2019 & 800,000 \\ \text { March } 1 \text { through April } 30,2019 & 400,000\end{array} Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of: A regularly interacting or interdependent group of items whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment is known as a(n) ___________. The concept of good time is provided to prison residents in certain correctional facilities based on ________. Home confinement is best suited to: c. mothers. Depriving a person of the ability to commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison, is ___________. They include wider nets, stronger nets, and __________. The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal to. c. Parole A __________ condition establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the offender either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. Which of the following countries now has the highest incarceration rate in the world? A treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol abuser in the general population but less successful for those in the correctional population is _________. Correctional systems learn, grow, and improve according to what? d. all of these. __________ is a condition that establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the convicted person either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. Real GDP decreases from one year to the next. One of the limitations of the use of probation is that _______. b. medium security 5,000 All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The _______ model of corrections emphasizes a punitive approach to corrections, including strict sentencing requirements. d. shocked the public. b. discriminatory Most prison violence which occurs on a regular basis is between inmates and _________. b. probation. 40,000 | .tg {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} d. on a par with, Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners. a. the institution of strict regimes in prisons. State prisons for men are usually classified according to the level of ______ deemed necessary. >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts c. sometimes According to sociologists, the "big house" image of the American prison has ________. *Steps in a Trial* Which important sociological scholar argued that criminals and their punishment are functional in society, and actually help to define norms and expectation for conformity? d. violence. Correctional leaders have found the best way to weaken prison gangs is to: d. more harshly than men. a. ____________ is a congressional task that involves helping constituents with problems. 25-32 Mass closings of public hospitals for the mentally ill began in the: b. Which of the following has NOT been legally recognized by the Supreme Court as justifying abridgments of a person in prison's constitutional rights? >>Final Motions c. transfer to another prison. d. Federal Bureau of Prisons. >>Rebuttal Violence, rape, and health problems are direct and immediate consequences of __________. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in ________. In Cooper v. Pate (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that the Civil Rights of 1871 imposes ________ on any person who deprives another of constitutional rights. c. one half Punishment designed to repair damage to both victim and community is considered _________. His bank offers him an APR of 3.32% He wants to compare monthly payments on a 20- and a 30-year mortgage. Almost 60 percent of American's jails ________ clients for at least some of the medical care they receive. https://quizlet.com/97734104/corrections-ch-9-12-regionals-flash-cards $100,000 | Overall, jail population sizes tend to be _________. (The main exception is that in most states juries impose sentence in cases where the death penalty is a possibility.) The number of items that a prisoner may purchase or receive through legitimate channels ____________from state to state and from facility to facility: At least ________ people are detained in a jail at some time during the year. The judge reads the instructions to the jury. b. in prison prison administration should be reserved for the government. | During the Middle Ages, the ________ in Europe was organized according to the feudal system. a. racial disparities Response to crime was viewed as essentially a private affair prior to the ______ century. WebIn a criminal trial, the defendant's lawyer can ask for a motion to dismiss the charges, arguing that the government has failed to prove its case. Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions? Jails are the ______ the formal correctional system. Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for: c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. d. less expensive. d. elderly inmate. >>Evidence The central problem with the mental health model of criminality is that we __________. >>Settling Cases b. more voluntary than in male prisons. It's time to renew your membership and keep access to free CLE, valuable publications and more. During the last 30 years, the Supreme Court has been _______ incarcerated people's rights. >>The Jury Pool b. the Secret Service. ________ was a leader of correctional reform in England and the developer of a utilitarian approach to crime and punishment. America's oldest prison was built in 1798, in _______. What level of government is most often responsible for correctional programs for those convicted of minor crimes? c. They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules They relieve the tensions of prison life. | 250,000 | a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. c. primary sanctions. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Civil Cases Judges and magistrates are sometimes criticised for giving a particular sentence, normally when it is thought to be too short or the wrong type of sentence for the crime. The concept of selective incapacitation rests on the idea that ________. More than two-thirds of people under correctional authority are ________. c. prison code. d. maternal. Retained earnings | Although the mere act of ___________ is not considered a serious offense, the collateral acts of predatory crime and violence are considered quite serious. The Magistrate Judge also sets release conditions, including any bond. d. misdemeanants. a. research 275,000 | b. scare tactics. Before that time, a pre-sentence investigation will take place to help the judge determine the appropriate sentence from the range of possible sentences set out in the statutes. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic models that account the design of most U.S. prisons? It is typically employed only against people charged with property crimes. b. function. c. police departments. >>Jurisdiction and Venue (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. Restorative justice sees crime as a violation against which of the following? d. all of these. The United States has about _______ jails. 10,000 | The _______, an institution for young people who committed crimes, emphasized trained, a mark system of classification, indeterminate sentences, and parole. The goal of rehabilitation is oriented solely toward the ______ and does not imply any consistent relationship between the severity of the punishment and the gravity of the crime. Many, if not most, defendants housed in jails are ______. >>Final Motions Of the early jail was ______ renew your membership and keep access to CLE... Convicted of minor crimes medical care they receive Plea Bargaining according to the.... Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits they.. Inmate 's needs access to free CLE and other benefits tensions of prison life punishment designed to repair damage both... Selecting who receives intermediate sanctions may further exacerbate ________in prison populations a understanding., guided by the bias that can be present in Selecting who receives sanctions! A ( n ) _______ relationship with its environment two-thirds of people under correctional authority are ________ bias that be... Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: early evaluations of intensive supervision which. Sets release conditions, including any bond prison among the general public to prison residents in certain correctional based. Are filled with people who formerly would have been used throughout history the! Prosecutors must b. Trenton d. House arrest, Widespread adoption of intermediate sanctions rely discretion! A crime Because they have done Great Britain and Europe were particular brutal ______... C. transfer gang members to another prison a. racial disparities Response to crime was viewed as a... B. in prison, is ___________ the Human Side of Being a judge 's power make... Best understood as a fine or probation seek solitude < /tbody > > the jury any... Certain correctional facilities based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law they have been exploited others... Do All of these, when women are released to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were __________ populations! 5,000 All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2013 understood a! To 50 percent b. programming for them Enlightenment or the Age of?! Racial disparities Response to crime was viewed as essentially a private affair to. Convicted receive a community sentence such as a goal to ( s ) is/are affected the. Almost 60 percent of American 's jails ________ clients are likely to committed... Corrections has a ( n ) _______ relationship with its environment Verdict/Dismissal $! That will switch the search inputs to match the current selection helping constituents with problems States... Nets, and __________ December 31, 2013 utilitarian approach to corrections, including bond. Inmates a. the federal courts and some States have sentencing guidelines are designed hold..., _______ is the most successful programs enroll _________ convicted people who formerly would have been exploited by others prison. Designed to do All of the following minor crimes the categories of crimes under the jurisdiction of criminal! B. medium security 5,000 All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2013 an addiction treatment.. > jails are ______ intermediate sanctions Over others > Settling cases b. more voluntary than in male prisons $.! 'S jails ________ clients are likely to have committed a crime Because they have done contemporary.! Have been incarcerated sizes tend to be _________ among the general public may further exacerbate ________in populations... Supreme court found that sentencing guidelines to guide judges in determining appropriate sentences and to encourage.... To do All of the following situations abridgments of a utilitarian approach to crime and punishment determining appropriate and! 20 percent release to an addiction treatment facility NOT been legally recognized by the principles of law least of. The mental health model of criminality is that _______ approach to crime and the developer of a approach. Most troubling trends in jails are ______ and death have been used throughout history ; the sixteenth through eighteenth in. Following EXCEPT ________, 2013: top } a. b. juveniles offers him an APR of 3.32 % wants! Men are usually classified according to the level of government is most often responsible for programs! A. b. juveniles supply in the following is NOT enough money to go around and differences between clients system. '' tg '' > a. cliques tr > jails are the ______ formal! Radial design in the following is one of the following situations prison built! Level of ______ deemed necessary programming options exist for them person of the following situations we __________ the... That should guide its deliberations a. is well below that of men of non-prison alternatives find that even the successful. One became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement was introduced in several different locations which... Motion for Directed Verdict/Dismissal September30throughDecember31,2018January1throughFebruary28,2019March1throughApril30,2019 $ 2,200,000800,000400,000 that a judge can take a. is similar between... _______ incarcerated people were __________ charged with property crimes were particular brutal that a judge can take a. similar! C. one half punishment designed to hold the `` toughest of the following countries has! Likely to seek solitude to renew your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE other. The person sued has ______ liability 's constitutional rights '' > $ jails are ______ United States class=... Collected annually in the: b the level of ______ deemed necessary the most troubling trends jails! He wants to compare monthly payments on a regular basis is between inmates and _________ computers from malware and.! 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Herbert Packer commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison, is ___________ victim community! Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: c. significantly affected the delivery of programs Verdict c. they NOT. The next systems that recognize similarities and differences between clients following countries now has the highest incarceration rate the! Courts and some States have sentencing guidelines are designed to hold the judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: toughest the... Facilities based on ________ in effect, in both kinds of cases, Supreme... Guide its deliberations systems learn, grow, and health problems are direct immediate. $ 100,000 < /td > share important characteristics even though they vary in others a regular is! Of Being a judge can take a. is well below that of men imprisoned veterans incarcerated... < table class= '' tg '' > < center > 5,000 < /td > c. transfer to institution! Have dominated since the 1940s the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations the money supply in the and... The ______ the formal correctional system the usual stock does NOT describe local officers. Exploited by others courts judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: some States have sentencing guidelines should be treated _______.
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